How to Start - Stop Oracle Database on Single Instance and RAC

 How to Start and Stop Oracle Database 

For single instance Database (Shutdown Sequence):

$ sudo -iu oracle
$ cat /etc/oratab 
$ export ORACLE_HOME=/path/to/oracle/home/dir            
$ export ORACLE_SID=your_sid_from_oratab
$ export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib 
oracle@host $ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> exit;
$ ps -ef | grep -i tns 
$ lsnrctl stop Listener_Name;

For single instance Database (Startup Sequence) :

$ sudo -iu oracle
$ export ORACLE_HOME=/path/to/oracle/home/dir            
$ export ORACLE_SID=your_sid_from_oratab
$ export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib 
oracle@host $ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup ;
SQL> set linesize 400;
SQL> alter session set nls_date_format = 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss';
SQL> select inst_id,instance_name,host_name,status,logins,status_time,database_status from                   gv$instance order by inst_id;

For RAC Database (Shutdown Sequence):

do it on all nodes:

$ ps -ef | grep -i pmon 

$ sudo -iu oracle

$ srvctl stop database -d db_unique_name;

$ srvctl status database -d db_unique_name;

$ ps -ef | grep -i d.bin

$ cd [path/to]/bin 

/bin # ./crsctl stop cluster 

/bin # ./crsctl stop crs 

For RAC Database (Startup Sequence):

do it on all nodes if  crs auto restart is not enable

/bin # ./crsctl start crs

/bin # ./crsctl start cluster

# sudo -iu oracle 

$ srvctl start database -d db_unique_name 

$ srvctl status database -d db_unque_name

$ ps -ef | grep -i d.bin 

$ cd [path/to]/bin 

$ ./crsctl status res -t 

Note: to only start and shut single database instance execute below command

$ sudo -iu oracle

$ srvctl start instance -d database_name -i instance_name .............( to start the instance)

$ srvctl stop instance -d database_name -i instance_name .............( to stop the instance) 

Note: crsctl utility can only run with root user